About GATE

The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an examination that primarily tests the comprehensive understanding of various undergraduate subjects in engineering and science for admission into the Masters Program of institutes as well as jobs at Public Sector Companies. GATE is conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and seven Indian Institutes of Technologies at Roorkee, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Chennai (Madras) and Mumbai (Bombay) on behalf of the National Coordination Board – GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD), Government of India. The GATE score of a candidate reflects the relative performance level of a candidate. The score is used for admissions to various post-graduate education programs (e.g. Master of Engineering, Master of Technology, Master of Architecture, Doctor of Philosophy) in Indian higher education institutes, with financial assistance provided by MHRD and other government agencies. Recently, GATE scores are also being used by several Indian public sector undertakings for recruiting graduate engineers in entry-level positions. It is one of the most competitive examinations in India. GATE is also recognized by various institutes outside India, such as Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.

Duration and examination type

The examination is of 3 hours duration, and contains a total of 65 questions worth a maximum of 100 marks. The examination for all the papers is carried out in an online Computer Based Test (CBT) mode where the candidates are shown the questions in a random sequence on a computer screen. The questions consist of some Multiple Choice Questions or MCQs (four answer options out of which only ONE is correct, which has to be chosen). Remaining questions may be of Multiple Select Questions or MSQs (four answer options out of which ONE or MORE than ONE is/are correct, hence correct options need to be chosen) and/or Numerical Answer Type questions or NATs (answer is a real number, to be entered via an on-screen keypad and computer mouse).

GATE Syllabus for CS

Computer Science and Information Technology is a field that focuses on the basic elements of computer programming and networking. The syllabus is based on the topics of graduation level which is further divided into 10 major sections. Out of these 10 sections, section 1 is entirely based on the topics of Engineering Mathematics. In GATE CS paper, 72% of the syllabus is from Core Engineering Syllabus or subject syllabus, 13% of Engineering Mathematics, and 15% of General Aptitude. Check GATE CS Exam Pattern One must note that all GATE papers will have General Aptitude as a compulsory section. The paper will consist of 65 questions worth 100 marks. Candidates are also eligible to appear for a maximum of 2 papers.

Section 1-Engineering Mathematics

Sections Topics
Discrete Mathematics Propositional and first order logic. Sets, relations, functions, partial orders and lattices. Monoids, Groups. Graphs: connectivity, matching, coloring. Combinatorics: counting, recurrence relations, generating functions.
Linear Algebra Matrices, determinants, system of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, LU decomposition.
Calculus Limits, continuity and differentiability. Maxima and minima. Mean value theorem. Integration.
Probability Random variables. Uniform, normal, exponential, poisson and binomial distributions. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Conditional probability and Bayes theorem.

Section 2-Digital Logic

Sections Topics
Section 1 Boolean algebra. Combinational and sequential circuits. Minimization.
Section 2 Number representations and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).

Section 3-Computer Organization and Architecture

Sections Topics
Section 1 Machine instructions and addressing modes. ALU, data‐path and control unit. Instruction pipelining, pipeline hazards.
Section 2 Memory hierarchy: cache, main memory and secondary storage; I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode).

Section 4-Computer Organization and Architecture

Sections Topics
Section 1 Programming in C. Recursion. Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary heaps, graphs.

Section 5-Algorithm

Sections Topics
Section 1 Searching, sorting, hashing. Asymptotic worst case time and space complexity. Algorithm design techniques: greedy, dynamic programming and divide‐and‐conquer.
Section 2 Graph traversals, minimum spanning trees, shortest paths

Section 6-Theory of Computation

Sections Topics
Section 1 Regular expressions and finite automata. Context-free grammars and push-down automata. Regular and contex- free languages, pumping lemma. Turing machines and undecidability.

Section 7-Compiler Design

Sections Topics
Section 1 Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax-directed translation. Runtime environments. Intermediate code generation.
Section 2 Local optimisation, Data flow analyses: constant propagation, liveness analysis, common subexpression elimination.

Section 8-Operating System

Sections Topics
Section 1 System calls, processes, threads, inter‐process communication, concurrency and synchronization.
Section 2 Deadlock. CPU and I/O scheduling. Memory management and virtual memory. File systems.

Section 9-Databases

Sections Topics
Section 1 ER‐model. Relational model: relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL.
Section 2 Integrity constraints, normal forms. File organization, indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees). Transactions and concurrency control.

Section 10 – Computer Networks

Sections Topics
Concept of layering OSI and TCP/IP Protocol Stacks; Basics of packet, circuit and virtual circuit-switching;
Data link layer framing, error detection, Medium Access Control, Ethernet bridging; Routing protocols: shortest path, flooding, distance vector and link state routing; Fragmentation and IP addressing, IPv4, CIDR notation,
-- Basics of IP support protocols (ARP, DHCP, ICMP), Network Address Translation (NAT); Transport layer: flow control and congestion control, UDP, TCP, sockets; Application layer protocols: DNS, SMTP, HTTP, FTP, Email.

GATE cut-off

GATE cut off is the minimum marks that you need to score to qualify the exam. Since the exam will be conducted in multiple sessions with different difficulty levels, the normalization method will be used for GATE Score Calculation. The participating institutes will decide their own cut off to select the candidates for a course. Other than M.Tech admissions, students who score marks higher than GATE cutoff are often recruited into highly paid jobs offered by many PSUs. GATE Scorecard will be issued to only those candidates who score equal to or more than the qualifying cut off of GATE 2021.

GATE Subject Wise Qualifying Cut Off

GATE paper name General OBC SC/ST
Aerospace Engineering (AE) 27.2 24.4 18.1
Agriculture Engineering (AG) 26.3 23.6 17.5
Architecture and Planning (AR) 34.8 31.3 23.2
Biomedical Engineering (BM) 25.0 22.5 16.6
Biotechnology (BT) 30.7 27.6 20.4
Civil Engineering (CE) 32.9 29.6 21.9
Chemical Engineering (CH) 35.7 32.1 23.8
Computer Science & Information Technology (CS) 28.5 25.6 19.0
Chemistry (CY) 26.7 24 17.8
Electronics & Communication Engineering (EC) 28.8 25.9 19.9
Electrical Engineering (EE) 33.4 30.0 22.2
Ecology & Evolution (EY) 42.2 37.9 28.1
Geology 38.4 34.5 25.6
Geophysics 51.9 46.7 34.6
Instrumentation Engineering (IN) 34.6 31.1 23.0
Mathematics (MA) 25.0 22.5 16.6
Mechanical Engineering (ME) 34.0 30.6 22.6
Mining Engineering (MN) 32.7 29.4 21.8
Metallurgical Engineering (MT) 49.2 44.2 32.8
Petroleum Engineering (PE) 39.8 35.8 26.5
Physics (PH) 37.2 33.4 24.8
Production & Industrial Engineering (PI) 36.6 32.9 24.4
Statistics (ST) 25.0 22.5 16.6
Textile Engineering & Fiber Science (TF) 37.1 33.3 24.7
Engineering Sciences (XE) 26.0 23.4 17.3
Life Sciences (XL) 31.7 28.5 21.1

Tips to prepare for GATE

The GATE exam is created to test the knowledge and understanding of undergraduate students in various subjects of engineering and science. It is conducted by IISc and seven IIT’s jointly and is basically a gateway for post-graduate admissions in India and entry-level positions in Indian PSU’s.
The GATE exam is held once every year, usually in February and the results are declared approximately a month later. Keeping this in mind, some of the tips to prepare for the next GATE exam are given as follows:

1. Understand the GATE syllabus and pattern –

The first step in GATE preparation is understanding the GATE syllabus and pattern. This is necessary as the syllabus may differ a little each year and there might be minute changes in the pattern as well. Moreover, a thorough study plan cannot be created until the exam syllabus and pattern are known.

2. Find the books required according to the syllabus –

There are many recommended books available for all subjects of the GATE exam. Generally, two or three books are enough for a particular subject where one book can be used in the start and other books can be referred if any doubts arise.

3. Create a study plan for GATE preparation-

It is necessary to have a study plan for GATE preparation as it inculcates discipline and time management skills. It is best to create a unique study plan tailored to the strengths and weaknesses of the individual with the appropriate revision and evaluation slots.

4. Focus on Aptitude and Mathematics as well –

It is very important to focus on Aptitude and Mathematics as they are quite scoring subjects and constitute around 30 marks in the GATE exam. These subjects can be studied from the standard recommended books and practiced with the help of the previous year GATE papers.

5. Prepare notes on the relevant topics –

Preparing notes with the important information and formulae is vital as these notes can be referred later during revision. This cuts down on the revision time as the notes contain important information from all subjects in a single place. Notes for GATE CS are available at GeeksforGeeks.

6. Strengthen your conceptual knowledge –

It is important to have conceptual clarity as GATE is an exam that tests the candidates’ concepts and has very little questions that have direct application of formulae. Also, understanding of the subject concepts can lead to the correct response in GATE if there are any doubts as to the answer.

7. Familiarize yourself with the virtual calculator –

The virtual calculator can be a little complicated and so it is important to familiarize yourself with it before the GATE exam. This can result in an increase in calculation speed which is very advantageous in a competitive exam like GATE.

8. Evaluate your understanding of a topic after studying it –

It is very important to evaluate your understanding of a topic after studying it. This will reveal the weak points in your preparation that can then be eliminated. Moreover, self-evaluation also helps in retaining the knowledge that you have learnt.

9.Revise the topics at suitable intervals –

After understanding a topic thoroughly, it is important to revise it at suitable intervals otherwise there is a chance of forgetting it. Revision can be done using the short notes or flash cards made during studying.

10. Analyze previous GATE papers and attempt multiple mock tests –

Analyzing and attempting previous GATE papers and GATE mock tests is an excellent way of understanding the GATE structure in a controlled environment. This also helps in improving time management skills and reduces silly mistakes in the actual GATE exam.

Eligibility Criteria for GATE Exam(No age limit)

Qualifying Degree Qualifying Degree / Examination Description of Eligible Candidates
B.E./B.Tech./ B.Pharm. Bachelor’s degree holders in Engineering/ Technology (4 years after 10+2 or 3 years after B.Sc./Diploma in Engineering/Technology) Currently in the final year or already completed
B.Arch. Bachelor’s degree holders of Architecture (5 years course)/Naval Architecture (4 years course)/Planning (4 years course) Currently in the final year or already completed
B.Sc.(Research) / B.S. Bachelor’s degree in Science(Post-Diploma/4 years after 10+2) Currently in the 4th year or already completed
Pharm. D.(after 10+2). 6 years program, consisting of internship or residency training during sixth year Currently in the 4th/5th/6th year oralready completed
M.B.B.S. Four and half (4.5) years program 7th, 8th, 9th or already completed
M.Sc./ M.A./MCA or equivalent Master’s degree in any branch of Science/ Mathematics/Statistics/ Computer Applications or equivalent Currently in the final year or already completed
Int. M.E./ M.Tech. (Post-B.Sc.) Post-B.Sc. Integrated Master’s degree programs in Engineering/Technology (4 years program) Currently in the 2nd/ 3rd/4th year or already completed
Int. M.E./ M.Tech. or Dual Degree (after Diploma or 10+2) Integrated Master’s degree program or Dual Degree program in Engineering/ Technology (5 years program) Currently in the 4th/5th year or already completed
Int. M.Sc./ Int. B.S.-M.S. Integrated M.Sc. or 5 years integrated B.S.-M.S. program Currently in the final year or already completed
Professional Society Examinations* (equivalent to B.E./B.Tech./B.Arch.) B.E./B.Tech./B.Arch. equivalent examinations of Professional Societies, recognized by MHRD/UPSC/AICTE (e.g., AMIE by Institution of Engineers- India, AMICE by the Institute of Civil Engineers-India and so on) Completed Section A or equivalent of such professional courses